I agree with you, a lot of people get a watered down CBT for many reasons.
Currently working in the field, it is frustrating with the limitations we have, be it insurance only paying for certain amount of visits, even then only providing 50 minutes at a time, having an insane amount of paperwork and not enough time to spend with clients, stress and pressure on providers to reach productivity standards or you get fired, and having the focus be on money and money alone. It is all backwards because if you treat people correctly and tailor treatment to the individual, you reduce recidivism and the need for people to return to higher levels of care, that in turn are more expensive for insurance companies to pay for. But that's an argument for another day ... don't get me started
There are models that access those trauma memories that are trapped in the brain, seemingly without a key. EMDR has been shown to be one of those models. There are providers in the IFS community, the model that has been helpful to me, and the sensorimotor psychotherapy community, doing research to demonstrate that they also have this ability. I'll have to look into it more, as I haven't had time to keep up with what has been going on. I have heard about trauma-based yoga being used for veterans with PTSD to access and release some of these memories. I also looked into ART, Accelerated Resolution Therapy, which is similar to EMDR with eye movements and the client rebuilds the memory in a different, safer way. We do this in IFS, be it accessing a trauma from childhood and having the person change the memory over time (have an adult be there to support them when they were unsafe, have them take over the situation and take control, whatever works for that person). The eye-movement therapies help access and alter those stuck spots for some reason.
So on a personal level, I needed more than CBT because I needed that deeper shift. I am still working on it. It is a long journey, it takes time, effort, commitment, and unfortunately in the USA it takes money, which also has gotten in the way. I am now paying out of pocket and it is a hit, but I found a therapist who works well with me and am trying to make it work. It sounds like the CBT you went through provided that for you as well, and I am glad that it did.